103 年 · 指考單字
Smoking, as proven in many medical studies, is likely to damage the human body permanently.
(正如許多醫學研究所證明的,吸菸很可能對人體造成永久性的損害。)
➜ Smoking is likely to damage the human body. (吸菸很可能損害人體。)
💡 主詞是 Smoking,一個動作。主詞不一定是人。
89 年 · 指考單字
It was obvious that this young artist's latest work was definitely much better than any other work in the exhibition.
(很明顯,這位年輕藝術家最新的作品比展覽中其他任何作品都好得多。)
➜ It was obvious that ... (很明顯……)
💡 開頭的 It 不是「它」,只是先占著主詞的位置,真正的內容在 that 後面。
再看五句,涵蓋修飾語會出現的各種位置。你可以先蓋住每一句下面那一行,自己試著把骨幹找出來。
82 年
Henry, my old classmate, has remained a true friend of mine all over the years.
(亨利是我的老同學,這些年來一直是我真正的朋友。)
➜ Henry has remained a true friend. (亨利一直是真正的朋友。)
💡 my old classmate 是同位語,在說明 Henry 是誰。
102 年
In the desert, a huge mall with art galleries, theaters, and museums will be constructed to shelter visitors from the heat outside.
(沙漠中將興建一座大型購物中心,裡面有美術館、劇院和博物館,用來讓遊客躲避外頭的酷熱。)
➜ A huge mall will be constructed. (一座大型購物中心將被興建。)
💡 主詞是 a huge mall,後面 with 那一串在講「裡面有什麼」,動詞被推到第 14 個字。
95 年
Identical twins have almost all of their genes in common, so any variation between them is in large part due to the effects of the environment.
(同卵雙胞胎幾乎共有全部的基因,所以他們之間的任何差異,很大一部分要歸因於環境的影響。)
➜ Any variation is due to the effects of the environment. (任何差異都要歸因於環境的影響。)
💡 so 後面才是重點。主詞是 any variation,between them 掛在它後面。
108 年
Suffering from a serious financial crisis, the car company is now on the edge of bankruptcy, especially with the recent sharp decrease in its new car sales.
(這家汽車公司正深陷嚴重的財務危機,如今瀕臨破產邊緣,尤其近來新車銷量大幅下滑。)
➜ The car company is on the edge of bankruptcy. (這家汽車公司瀕臨破產邊緣。)
💡 句首的 Suffering from... 是分詞構句,主詞還沒出現。看到 -ing 開頭又跟著逗號,先往後找真正的主詞。
106 年
Having worked five years as a data processor in a small town, Alice is tired of the routine of her job and the monotony of her life.
(在小鎮上當了五年的資料處理員之後,愛麗絲厭倦了工作的一成不變,也厭倦了生活的單調。)
➜ Alice is tired of the routine and the monotony. (愛麗絲厭倦了一成不變與單調。)
💡 Having worked... 是完成式分詞構句,表示這件事發生在前。同樣要先跳過它去找主詞。
碰到長句時可以照三步走:先用手遮住逗號之間的插入語,把剩下的部分念成一句「誰+怎麼了」,確認主詞和動詞真的接得起來,最後把空格放回原句,看它掛在骨幹上還是掛在修飾語裡,該填什麼詞性就清楚了。這種長句在克漏字、文意選填、中翻英都會遇到。完整說明和其他題庫的例句在
題庫入口頁。