103年 · 學測文意選填
However, for people who are not necessarily religious but are fond of nature, names involving things of beauty are often favored.
(然而,對於不一定有宗教信仰、但喜愛大自然的人來說,帶有美好事物的名字往往比較受歡迎。)
➜ Names are favored. (名字受到偏愛。)
💡 句首那一長串是「對誰而言」,還沒開始講主詞。真正的主詞是 names。
92年 · 學測文意選填
It is not unusual to hear friends and family members talk about the difficulty they have in managing the stress of everyday life and the efforts they make to control the events that cause stress.
(常聽到朋友和家人談起他們應付日常生活壓力時遇到的困難,以及他們為了控制那些壓力來源所做的努力,這並不算少見。)
➜ It is not unusual to hear ... (聽到……並不算少見。)
💡 開頭的 It 不是「它」,只是先占著主詞的位置,真正的內容在 to hear 後面那 30 幾個字。
再看五句,涵蓋修飾語會出現的各種位置。你可以先蓋住每一句下面那一行,自己試著把骨幹找出來。
107年
Fortune cookies, commonly served after meals at Chinese restaurants in the U.S., are characterized by a fortune, which is written on a small piece of paper tucked inside the cookie.
(幸運餅乾在美國的中式餐廳裡通常是餐後才端上來的,它的特色是裡面有一張籤,寫在一小張紙上,塞在餅乾中間。)
➜ Fortune cookies are characterized by a fortune. (幸運餅乾的特色是裡面有一張籤。)
💡 主詞和動詞之間夾了 11 個字,全在講「什麼時候端上來」,不是主要訊息。
114年
They have also rung in times of celebration and of mourning, announcing such events as royal weddings and coronations of kings, as well as funerals of heads of state.
(它們也曾在慶典與哀悼的場合響起,宣告皇室婚禮、國王加冕,以及國家元首的葬禮這類大事。)
➜ They have also rung. (它們也曾響起。)
💡 動詞之後那 22 個字全部是分詞片語,在補充說明「宣告了哪些事」。
92年補考
A standard of living is considered high when it includes not only necessities but also certain comforts and luxuries; it is considered low when food, clean water, housing, and other necessities are limited or lacking.
(一種生活水準若不只包含必需品,還包含某些舒適享受與奢侈品,就會被認為是高的;如果食物、乾淨的水、住所和其他必需品都不足或缺乏,就會被認為是低的。)
➜ A standard of living is considered high. (生活水準被認為是高的。)
💡 分號前後是兩個結構一樣的句子,各自帶一個 when 子句。前半的骨幹抓到了,後半自然就通了。
93年
It is difficult to comment conclusively on these theories in general, apart from saying that any and all of them might be possible.
(要對這些理論做出確定的整體評論並不容易,頂多只能說,其中任何一個、甚至全部都有可能成立。)
➜ It is difficult to comment ... (要評論並不容易。)
💡 又是虛主詞。中譯把「並不容易」放到句尾,正好說明 It 本身沒有意思。
103年
Finally, some people just pick a name the sound of which they like, regardless of its meaning, its origins, or its popularity.
(最後,有些人純粹只是挑一個自己喜歡讀音的名字,至於這個名字的意思、來源或流行程度都不管。)
➜ Some people pick a name. (有些人挑一個名字。)
💡 the sound of which they like 是關係子句,修飾前面的 name。of which 就是 whose 的另一種寫法——換成 whose sound they like,意思完全一樣。
這種長句在每一種題型裡都會遇到——克漏字、單字題、中翻英,一個也躲不掉。完整說明和其他題庫的例句在
題庫入口頁。