Today, apples are 30 eaten the world over and form the basis for multi-million dollar industries.
答案:(A) regularly
語意「蘋果在世界各地『經常性』被食用」,regularly(經常性地)符合這種廣泛食用的描述;particularly(特別地)、permanently(永久地)、barely(幾乎不,語意相反)都不合。
regularly 你背的是「規律地、定期地」(exercise regularly,規律運動),所以看到 are regularly eaten,腦中翻成「被定期食用」就覺得很怪,反而不敢選。這一格答對率只有 40%,是整份考卷最難的一題,卡住的正是這個字義落差。劍橋詞典把 regularly 的第一義直接列為 often(經常),標示 B1,例句 Accidents occur regularly on this stretch of the road.(這一段路經常發生事故。)—— 這裡講的是頻率高、成為常態,不必真的照時間表。
are regularly eaten the world over 就是「在世界各地被經常食用」。文內前後都在講規模:同一句後半 form the basis for multi-million dollar industries(構成價值數百萬美元的產業基礎),下一句 In 2005, at least 55 million tons of apples were grown worldwide(2005 年全球至少種植五千五百萬噸蘋果)。要撐起這種產量與產業規模,食用頻率必須是「經常」。把 barely(幾乎不)代進去,跟後面的數字語意矛盾,一秒淘汰。至於為什麼連高分群考生也會在這一格失手(本題鑑別度只有 D 值 34,是這份考卷最低):問題出在這一格幾乎沒有「推」的空間。四個副詞擺進 are ___ eaten,文法上都通;前後文提供的線索只能刷掉方向明顯相反的 barely,卻刷不掉 particularly —— 「蘋果在全世界特別受食用」讀起來甚至頗順。要分辨 particularly 和 regularly,靠的不是邏輯推理,而是兩件事:知不知道 regularly 有「經常」這一義,以及知不知道 particularly 是「(相較之下)尤其、特別是」,需要有一個被比較的對象。本句沒有拿蘋果跟別的水果比,particularly 就沒有立足點。字義本身沒累積到,程度再好也推不出來,這就是這一格鑑別度偏低的原因。
particularly(特別是、尤其)用來從一群裡面挑出特例,例 I like fruit, particularly apples.(我喜歡水果,尤其是蘋果。)本句沒有這種比較框架。permanently(永久地)指狀態不再改變,例 permanently closed(永久歇業),不用來講頻率。barely(幾乎不)是否定副詞,例 I can barely hear you.(我幾乎聽不見你說話。)方向完全相反。
regularly(經常地;規律地)、on a regular basis(定期地、經常地)、particularly(特別是、尤其)、barely(幾乎不)、the world over(全世界各地)、form the basis for(構成……的基礎)、multi-million dollar(數百萬美元的)。
Nutritional products that can be collected from trees include fruits, nuts, seeds, leaves, and bark. Tree products have been an important part of diets for thousands of years, from early humans 26 fruits and nuts to the first cultivation of important trees, such as mango and apple.
The apple is one of the world's most cultivated fruit trees, 27 over 7,000 different kinds in existence. Despite their great 28 , however, most domesticated apples can be traced back to a common ancestor, the wild apple of Central Asia, Malus sieversii. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and 29 to North America by European colonists in the 17th century.
Today, apples are 30 eaten the world over and form the basis for multi-million dollar industries. In 2005, at least 55 million tons of apples were grown worldwide, which generated a value of about $10 billion.