Featuring floral patterns, religious symbols, and messages of hope, the painted henna crowns are amazing substitutes for the hats and wigs that the cancer patients would 19 use to cover their heads.
答案：(D) otherwise
otherwise 在此是「若非如此、本來」：既然現在有 henna 頭冠當替代品，帽子與假髮就是患者「本來會用」的東西。moreover（此外）、altogether（總共、完全）、namely（也就是）語意都不合。
答對率 16%，鑑別度 2：高分群考生也幾乎沒占到便宜。四個選項都是副詞，文法上誰都塞得進去，只能靠語意判斷。
otherwise 你大概只會用在句首的「否則」（Hurry up; otherwise you'll be late.）。這裡它夾在 would 與 use 之間，位置陌生就慌了。這不是它多了新的意思，是同一個意思換了位置與功能。把字拆開看就清楚：otherwise ＝ other + wise，這個 wise 不是「聰明」，是古英文的 wise「方式、樣子」——字面就是「用另一種方式、在另一種情況下」。likewise（同樣地）、clockwise（順時針）用的都是同一個 wise，而 likewise 與 otherwise 正好是一對反義字：一個說照樣，一個說不照樣。美劇裡還常聽到第三種用法，同樣是這個 wise：接在名詞後表示「就…而言」——這用法很口語，聽得懂就好，作文不要用。
記一個公式：would／might／could + otherwise + 原形動詞 ＝「若不是現在這樣，本來會…」。念一句就有感覺：problems that might otherwise go unnoticed（若沒有檢測，本來不會被發現的問題）。本句的觸發點是 substitutes for（…的替代品）：既然頭冠是替代品，帽子與假髮就是「本來會用」的東西；would 也在配合這個假設。國中學過的 or ＝ or else ＝ otherwise，難的是位置不是意思。這一組一句記完：Weather-wise, tomorrow looks bad—otherwise the city would not have called off work and school. Time-wise the trip is fine, and money-wise, likewise.（就天氣來說，明天看來很糟——若非如此，市府不會宣布停止上班上課。時間上這趟行程沒問題，錢的方面也一樣。）〔情境取材自 114 學測作文題：颱風停課〕
moreover（此外）是補充、namely（也就是）是舉例、altogether（總共、完全）是總計，三個都表達不出「若非如此」。
…; otherwise…（否則）、would otherwise + 原形（本來會…）、unless otherwise stated（除非另有說明）、likewise（同樣地）、clockwise（順時針方向）、substitute for（…的替代品）。
The art and tradition of using all-natural paste from the henna plant to create temporary henna tattoos goes back to ancient Asia and the Middle East. Over the centuries, henna tattoos 16 used in weddings and holiday celebrations because they are thought to carry blessings from the gods.
Today, the ancient art form has found a new 17 in the hands of contemporary artists. Henna Heals, an artist group based in Canada, uses henna tattoos to help women suffering from cancer feel confident and beautiful again. They draw elegant henna crowns on the women's bare heads to help them 18 the loss of their hair after cancer treatment.
Featuring floral patterns, religious symbols, and messages of hope, the painted henna crowns are amazing substitutes for the hats and wigs that the cancer patients would 19 use to cover their heads. Many women report that the henna crowns really work as a healing device, helping them build a more 20 self-image at a time when they are vulnerable and depressed. According to Frances Darwin, founder of Henna Heals, the number of artists now involved in the project across Canada and the US has grown to over 150.