He may dream at night of being alone in the playground, 28 a lion.
答案:(C) facing
現在分詞片語 facing,補充說明夢境畫面「面對一隻獅子」,修飾主詞 he(做夢的男孩主動面對著獅子);face(原形動詞,不能這樣作分詞構句)、faced(過去分詞,被動語意「被面對」方向不合)、to face(不定詞,不符合這個分詞構句結構)都不合。
本題大考中心未公布逐題答對率,以下不談數據,只談觀念。
四個選項都是 face 的形態變化,而「面對」在中文裡常說成「被迫面對」,帶著被動的味道,所以 faced 看起來很合理。這一格要分的正是主動與被動的方向。
四個選項都是同一個動詞 face 的不同形態,可見這一格考的是形態。先看結構:逗號前面是一個完整的句子 He may dream at night of being alone in the playground(他晚上可能夢見自己獨自站在操場上),逗號後面沒有主詞、也沒有連接詞,所以這一串是分詞片語,補充說明前面那個畫面裡的情形。分詞片語要先問「意義主詞是誰」:夢裡站在操場上的是那個男孩,而面對獅子的也是他,他是主動去面對的一方,所以用現在分詞 facing。還原成完整的說法是 and he is facing a lion(而他正面對著一頭獅子)。掛鉤是國中就見過的 a barking dog(正在叫的狗)——現在分詞表示那個名詞自己在做這個動作。
faced:過去分詞表被動,方向不合;而且這裡還有一個更快的破綻可以用——face 要表達「面臨、被迫面對」時,被動的說法是 be faced with something(be faced with a difficult choice 面臨艱難的抉擇),後面那個 with 不能省。本句空格後面直接就是 a lion,沒有 with,形態本身就不完整。這一招在片語題上很好用:先檢查介系詞有沒有缺,常常一眼就刷掉一個選項。face:原形動詞。前面已經有一個主要動詞 may dream 了,一個句子不能有兩個主要動詞而中間只用逗號連接。to face:不定詞表目的或未來的動作,但這裡要說的是夢境當下的畫面,不是他做夢是「為了」面對獅子。
be faced with(面臨……)、face a problem(面對問題)、face to face(面對面)、dream of(夢見、夢想)、be alone(獨自一人)、at night(在夜裡)。
Basically, there are two kinds of sleep. One is Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. In 21 , the brain waves of a sleeping person are similar to those of a waking person, and the eyes move about rapidly under the closed lids. 22 kind of sleep is Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep.
Scientists have discovered that dreams happen mainly in REM sleep. Everyone dreams about 20 percent of their sleeping time. 23 people who say they never dream show about 20 percent of REM sleep. 24 these "non-dreamers" do their sleeping in a laboratory 25 researchers can wake them up and ask them whether they were having dreams the moment before, it 26 that they dream as much as others.
Events in daily life sometimes occur symbolically in dreams. 27 , a boy is having difficulties on the school playground because a bigger boy keeps bullying him. He may dream at night of being alone in the playground, 28 a lion. At other times the dreaded event from daily life simply occurs in a dream in its real-life form; 29 , the boy dreams of being bullied by the bigger boy.
30 scientific research, we have known more about the relationship between sleep and dreams. However, why a dream will take a certain symbolic form is still a mystery.