It seems not 21 any afternoon in the village, but all of a sudden, people and animals lose consciousness. 22 they awake, all of the women of child-bearing age have become pregnant.
答案:(B) When
語意「當他們醒來時,所有育齡婦女都懷孕了」,When(當……時)符合這個時間關係;Then(然後,不能這樣作句首連接詞引導子句)、Since(自從/因為)、And(而且)都不合。
Then 與 When 長得像,中文又都帶著「然後、當……時」的味道,最容易在這兩個之間猶豫。分開它們不必靠語感,靠的是「空格後面接的是子句還是句子」。
四個選項裡有連接詞也有副詞,可見這一格考的是句首這個位置能放什麼。先看結構:空格後面是 they awake(一個完整的子句),逗號之後又是一個完整的主要子句 all of the women of child-bearing age have become pregnant。一句話裡出現兩個完整子句,中間必須有東西把它們接起來,而且這個字要放在從屬子句的最前面,這就是從屬連接詞的工作(劍橋 English Grammar Today 的 Conjunctions 條目把 when、if、as、since、while 等列為從屬連接詞,並指出從屬連接詞必須放在該子句的開頭)。Then 是副詞,沒有把兩個子句接起來的能力;And 是對等連接詞,它連接的是地位相同的兩個部分,不會造出「從屬子句加主要子句」這種結構。剩下 When 與 Since,這時才用語意分:醒來與懷孕之間是時間的先後,When(當……時)成立。這一題的鑑別度只有 22,是本批最低的,但原因與難題正好相反:它本身不難,When 引導時間子句是國中就學過的東西,各種程度的人都答得出來,題目自然分不出高低(同型的易題低鑑別度見 94 年第 27 題)。
Then(然後):副詞,只能在句子裡當時間的標記(They awake. Then all of the women... 他們醒來。然後所有的女人……),不能拿來把兩個子句黏成一句。Since:當「自從」時,主要子句通常要配一條從過去延伸到現在的時間線用完成式,而本句主要子句講的是醒來當下的發現;當「因為」時,醒來也不是懷孕的原因,兩個義都不通。And(而且):對等連接詞,放在句首帶出一個完整子句、再接逗號與另一個完整子句,會變成兩個主要子句黏在一起。
when it comes to(說到……)、as soon as(一……就……)、by the time(到……的時候)、lose consciousness(失去意識)、child-bearing age(生育年齡)、become pregnant(懷孕)。
It is a usual sunny afternoon in the village of Midwich, England. It seems not 21 any afternoon in the village, but all of a sudden, people and animals lose consciousness. 22 they awake, all of the women of child-bearing age have become pregnant.
This is an episode from a 1960 science fiction story. The women in the story 23 birth to children that have the same appearance. They all have blond hair and "strange eyes." 24 the children grow, they run around the village in a pack, wearing identical clothing and hairstyles, staring at everyone impolitely. 25 one child learns is also known by the others instantly. Villagers begin to 26 their belief that the children all have "one mind."
In this story, the children are produced by some unexplained force from outer space. But this story written 40 years ago 27 predicted the arrival of a recent method of genetic engineering—cloning. Cloning is the genetic process of producing copies of an individual. Will the genetic copies of a human really have "one mind" as 28 in this story? This situation is so strange to us that we do not know what will 29 of it. Faced with this new situation, people have 30 to find out how to deal with it.