Animals are able to feel pain 26 they can use it for self-protection. 27, if you touch something hot and feel pain, you will learn from this 28 that you should not touch that item in the future.
答案:(A) discomfort
語意「你會從這種不適感中學到不該再碰那個東西」,discomfort(不適)呼應前面提到的 feel pain(感到疼痛);prescription(處方)、enjoyment(享受,語意相反)、satisfaction(滿足)都不合。
discomfort 比 pain 少見,在考場上看到它常常直接跳過。其實它就是 dis-(不)加上 comfort(舒適)——不舒服,正是前半句 feel pain 的另一種說法。答對率 52%、鑑別度 69,這一題分得很開,分的就是你有沒有回頭把 this 指的東西找出來。
四個選項都是抽象名詞,擺進去都合文法,可見這一格考的是語意,而且關鍵在 this。「this + 名詞」是英文回頭指前文的常用手法:用一個比較概括的名詞,把前面剛講過的內容收攏起來再指一次(Halliday 與 Hasan「Cohesion in English」談的指稱銜接)。所以 this ___ 必須接得住前半句剛出現的 touch something hot and feel pain,四個選項裡只有 discomfort(不適)接得住 pain。整句還原:you will learn from this discomfort = you will learn from the pain you have just felt(你會從剛剛那份痛學到教訓)。
enjoyment(享受)、satisfaction(滿足):方向相反,碰到滾燙的東西不會是享受。而且這兩個字意思很接近,四選一只能有一個答案,意思幾乎相同的兩個選項必定同時錯,還沒回頭讀句子就能砍掉一半(同招:95 年第 29 題的 hardly 與 rarely)。prescription(處方箋):只是被「痛」聯想到看病吃藥,句子裡沒有任何醫療情境,而且處方也不是你剛剛親身感受到的東西。
learn from sth(從……學到教訓)、cause/feel discomfort(造成/感到不適)、in the future(將來)、write a prescription for(開……的處方)、to one's satisfaction(令某人滿意的是)、get enjoyment out of(從……得到樂趣)。
Do plants have feelings? There is currently no reason to believe that plants experience pain, because they are devoid of central nervous systems and brains. Animals are able to feel pain 26 they can use it for self-protection. 27, if you touch something hot and feel pain, you will learn from this 28 that you should not touch that item in the future. On the other hand, plants cannot move 29 and do not need to learn to avoid certain things, so this sensation would be unnecessary.
From a physiological standpoint, plants are completely different from animals. They cannot feel pain. Therefore, 30 animals' body parts, many fruits and vegetables can be harvested over and over again without dying.