Besides these 29 issues, bottled water has other disadvantages.
答案:(D) safety
語意「除了這些安全問題之外」,safety(安全)呼應前文討論的化學物質釋放、細菌滋生等健康安全疑慮;display(展示)、production(生產)、shipment(運送)都不如safety能概括前述問題。
shipment 特別誘人,因為它就出現在前一句(the information on storage and shipment)——看到剛讀過的字,很容易直接抄過來。答對率只有 49%,這是典型的近距離誘答設計。
這一格要往回概括,不是往回抄字。Besides these ______ issues 的意思是「除了這些 ______ 的問題之外」,所以這個形容詞必須能一次涵蓋前面談過的所有問題。回頭數一數前面講了什麼:塑膠釋出有害化學物質、被人體吸收造成胃痙攣和腹瀉、儲存不當會滋生細菌、消費者拿不到儲存與運送的資訊。這些全部指向同一件事——喝下去到底安不安全。文章自己也用過 Health risks(健康風險)這個說法。所以概括詞是 safety。再看後半句:bottled water has other disadvantages(瓶裝水還有其他缺點),接著談的是全球暖化和固體廢棄物。other 表示「另外一類」,那前面那一類就必須是一個明確的類別名稱,safety issues 正好與後面的環境問題形成兩大類。這種「用一個抽象名詞概括前面整段」的題目,答案通常不會是前文出現過的具體名詞,而是比它們高一層的類別詞。看到選項裡有剛剛才讀過的字,反而要先提高警覺。
display:展示,前文完全沒有提到展示。production:生產,文章確實提到塑膠的加工,但那只是眾多問題的其中一個,涵蓋不了細菌與儲存。shipment:運送,同樣只是前一句提到的其中一個環節,概括不了化學物質與細菌的問題。
safety issues(安全問題)、raise safety concerns(引發安全疑慮)、health risks(健康風險)、inappropriate storage(不當儲存)、be readily available(容易取得的)、a better alternative to(比…更好的替代選擇)。
Many people like to drink bottled water because they feel that tap water may not be safe, but is bottled water really any better? Bottled water is mostly sold in plastic bottles and that's why it is potentially health 26 . Processing the plastic can lead to the release of harmful chemical substances into the water contained in the bottles. The chemicals can be absorbed into the body and 27 physical discomfort, such as stomach cramps and diarrhea. Health risks can also result from inappropriate storage of bottled water. Bacteria can multiply if the water is kept on the shelves for too long or if it is exposed to heat or direct sunlight. 28 the information on storage and shipment is not always readily available to consumers, bottled water may not be a better alternative to tap water.
Besides these 29 issues, bottled water has other disadvantages. It contributes to global warming. An estimated 2.5 million tons of carbon dioxide were generated in 2006 by the production of plastic for bottled water. In addition, bottled water produces an incredible amount of solid 30 . According to one research, 90 of the bottles used are not recycled and lie for ages in landfills.