He was also the man who cracked the 16 uncrackable Enigma code used by Nazi Germany.
答案:(D) supposedly
supposedly 意為「據稱、一般認為」,帶有「後來證實並非如此」的暗示:他破解了那套「據稱無法破解」的恩尼格瑪密碼;eventually(最終)、precisely(精確地)、concernedly(關切地)語意都不合。
答對率 33%。
supposedly 這個副詞課本少見,而且它的作用很微妙——它不是在陳述事實,而是在標示「別人是這麼說的,但未必是真的」。
the supposedly uncrackable Enigma code =「那套據稱無法破解的密碼」。既然圖靈把它破解了,uncrackable(無法破解)顯然只是「大家以為」而已——supposedly 就是用來標記這個落差。少了它,句子會變成「他破解了無法破解的密碼」,自相矛盾。
看到形容詞前面要填副詞、而那個形容詞又與句子的事實衝突時,就要想到這類「據稱」的字:supposedly、allegedly(據稱,多用於指控)、reportedly(據報導)、seemingly(看似)。
supposedly + 形容詞(據稱…的)、allegedly(據稱,多用於指控)、reportedly(據報導)、be supposed to(應該)、crack a code(破解密碼)。
Alan Turing was one of the leading scientific geniuses of the 20th century. Many scholars consider him the father of modern computer science. He was also the man who cracked the 16 uncrackable Enigma code used by Nazi Germany. His code-breaking turned the tide of World War II and helped save two million lives. Nevertheless, 17 people have even heard his name. Turing displayed signs of high intelligence in math and science at a young age. By the time he was 23, he had already come up with the idea of what 18 the modern computer—the Turing machine. Today, Turing machines are still used in theoretical computation. He also proposed the now famous Turing test, used to determine whether a computer exhibits intelligent behavior equivalent to that of a human.
The postwar era, however, was a disaster for Turing. He was gay, which was then a crime in Britain. 19 being hailed as one of the crucial figures in defeating the Nazis, Turing was convicted of "gross indecency." This 20 drove him to commit suicide in 1954, at the age of 41.
Nearly 60 years after his death, Queen Elizabeth II granted Turing a formal pardon for his conviction, upon an online petition signed by prominent scientists and technology leaders around the world.