In 1902 Sir Archibald Garrod was the first to attribute a 20 to an enzyme defect, which he later referred to as an "inborn error of metabolism."
答案：(A) disease
attribute a disease to an enzyme defect 意為「把某種疾病歸因於酵素缺陷」：一九○二年 Garrod 首度將疾病歸因於酵素缺陷；balance（平衡）、measure（措施）、statement（陳述）語意都不合。
答對率 39%。
attribute A to B（把 A 歸因於 B）這個句型你若不熟，就抓不到 A 與 B 的關係：A 是結果、B 是原因。本句 B 是 an enzyme defect（酵素缺陷），那 A 自然是它造成的後果——疾病。
句中 which he later referred to as an "inborn error of metabolism"（他後來稱之為「先天代謝異常」）——error、defect 都是負面的字；下一句舉了 PKU（苯酮尿症）與 galactosemia（半乳糖血症）兩種病名為例，直接把答案講出來了。「看到專有名詞或舉例，回頭對照空格，常常一眼就確認。」
attribute A to B ＝ 把 A 歸因於 B；被動是 A be attributed to B。同義說法有 owe A to B、ascribe A to B。
attribute A to B（把 A 歸因於 B）、be attributed to（被歸因於）、refer to A as B（稱 A 為 B）、an enzyme defect（酵素缺陷）。
One factor that separates a living thing from an inanimate object is the organism's ability to carry out chemical reactions that are crucial for its survival. Imagine the infinite amount of reactions that a large organism such as human carries out every single day. 16 of these reactions are possible without enzymes.
Enzymes consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reactions 17 for certain types of nutrients to take effect. Enzymes can either launch a reaction or speed it up. In the absence of enzymes, reactants may take hundreds of years to convert into a usable product, if they are able to do so 18 . This is why enzymes are crucial in the sustenance of life on earth.
Enzymes, 19 , do not always function perfectly. In 1902 Sir Archibald Garrod was the first to attribute a 20 to an enzyme defect, which he later referred to as an "inborn error of metabolism." Today, newborns are routinely screened for certain enzyme defects such as PKU (phenylketonuria) and galactosemia, an error in the handling of the sugar galactose.