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指考參考試卷(107學年度起適用) 克漏字 第16題

字彙選義線索:句內

He was also the man who cracked the 16 uncrackable Enigma code used by Nazi Germany.

  1. (A)eventually
  2. (B)precisely
  3. (C)concernedly
  4. (D)supposedly

答案:(D) supposedly

題目編號:Z107參_16(已自動幫你填到回報表單裡)🚩 回報這題有問題

解析

supposedly uncrackable(據稱無法破解的)表示恩尼格瑪密碼原本被認為是無法破解的,圖靈卻成功破解了它;eventually/precisely/concernedly 均不符合此處語意。

深入解析

本題大考中心未公布逐題答對率,以下不談數據,只談觀念。

你可能會這樣想

supposedly 這個字,你的印象大概只有 be supposed to(應該)那一個組合,很難立刻想到它單獨當副詞時是「據稱、大家都說」。加上這一句講的是圖靈把密碼破解了,uncrackable(無法破解的)看起來與事實矛盾,很容易覺得這一格要填「終於」,於是選了 eventually。

怎麼判斷

四個選項都是 -ly 副詞,擺在形容詞 uncrackable 前面修飾它,文法上都放得進去,可見這一格考的是語意。而句子裡的矛盾正是線索:cracked the ______ uncrackable Enigma code,他破解了一個「無法破解」的密碼。既然事實上破解了,那個「無法破解」就不會是真的,只能是大家原本以為的。supposedly 的意思正是「據稱、一般認為,但未必屬實」,一放進去,矛盾就化解了。把它掛在你熟的 be supposed to 上面記:那個組合也是「別人認為應該如何」,重點都在別人怎麼說,不在事實。順便看構詞:uncrackable 是 un-(不)加 crack(破解)加 -able(可……的),拆開就讀得出來。

誘答選項

eventually(最後、終於)講的是時間先後,但空格修飾的是 uncrackable 這個形容詞,「最後無法破解的密碼」講不通;要表達「終於破解」得把它放到動詞旁邊。precisely(精確地)修飾的是量測或說法(precisely at noon),不能拿來修飾「無法破解」。concernedly(憂心地)描述的是人的情緒,密碼不會憂心。

常考字詞與句型

supposedly(據稱、一般認為)、be supposed to V(應該、被認為該做)、crack a code(破解密碼)、turn the tide(扭轉局勢)、un- + 動詞 + -able(不可……的)、precisely(精確地)

展開本題所在的整篇文章與中文翻譯
兩者皆是全文中心思想段落主旨句Abc轉折詞

Alan Turing was one of the leading scientific geniuses of the 20th century. Many scholars consider him the father of modern computer science. He was also the man who cracked the 16 uncrackable Enigma code used by Nazi Germany. His code-breaking turned the tide of World War II and helped save two million lives. Nevertheless, 17 people have even heard his name.

Turing displayed signs of high intelligence in math and science at a young age. By the time he was 23, he had already come up with the idea of what 18 the modern computer—the Turing machine. Today, Turing machines are still used in theoretical computation. He also proposed the now famous Turing test, used to determine whether a computer exhibits intelligent behavior equivalent to that of a human.

The postwar era, however, was a disaster for Turing. He was gay, which was then a crime in Britain. 19 being hailed as one of the crucial figures in defeating the Nazis, Turing was convicted of "gross indecency." This 20 drove him to commit suicide in 1954, at the age of 41.

Nearly 60 years after his death, Queen Elizabeth II granted Turing a formal pardon for his conviction, upon an online petition signed by prominent scientists and technology leaders around the world.

中譯:艾倫·圖靈是二十世紀最傑出的科學天才之一,許多學者視他為現代電腦科學之父。他也是破解納粹德國所使用、據稱無法破解的「恩尼格瑪」密碼的人。他的解碼成就扭轉了第二次世界大戰的局勢,拯救了兩百萬條性命。然而,卻很少有人聽過他的名字。圖靈從小便在數學與科學方面展現高度的智慧。23歲時,他已經構想出後來發展成現代電腦的概念——圖靈機。時至今日,圖靈機的概念仍應用於理論計算領域。他也提出了如今著名的「圖靈測試」,用來判斷電腦是否展現出與人類相當的智慧行為。然而,戰後時期對圖靈來說卻是一場災難。他是同性戀者,而這在當時的英國是一項罪行。儘管曾被譽為擊敗納粹的關鍵人物之一,圖靈卻因「嚴重猥褻罪」被定罪。這樣的屈辱最終促使他在1954年、41歲時自殺身亡。在他過世將近60年後,在來自世界各地知名科學家與科技領袖連署請願下,英國女王伊莉莎白二世正式赦免了圖靈當年的罪行。
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