12 our body is in a vulnerable situation, a burst of stress will quickly mobilize the body’s own repair system to defend the damaged areas.
答案:(C) When
本句描述「當身體處於脆弱狀態時,壓力反應會啟動修復機制」,需要表示時間/條件的連接詞,When(當…時)最符合文意。Till 表示「直到」,Unless 表示「除非」(語意相反),Whereas 表示「然而」(對比轉折,與前後文邏輯不符),皆不適用。
看到四個從屬連接詞排在一起,很容易先緊張,覺得又要分辨什麼細微的語氣差別。這一題其實沒那麼複雜,它問的就是前後兩個子句之間是什麼關係而已。
四個選項都是從屬連接詞,形態上刷不掉任何一個,可見這一格考的是子句之間的邏輯關係。把兩半的意思擺出來看:前半是「我們的身體處於脆弱狀態」,後半是「一波壓力會迅速動員身體自身的修復系統來防禦受損的部位」。後半是前半發生時隨之出現的反應,兩者是時間上的順接——什麼時候發生、就跟著發生什麼,這正是 When 的工作。國中就學過的 I will call you when I get there. 走的是同一個結構:when 帶出一個時間點,主要子句講那個時間點發生的事。
Unless(除非)帶的是否定條件,等於 if...not,代進去會變成「除非身體脆弱,否則壓力會動員修復系統」,與整段在講的「短期壓力對身體有益」正好相反。Whereas(然而)要求前後對比,但這兩半是同一件事的先後,不是兩件相反的事。Till(直到)講的是持續到某個時間點為止,代進去讀不通。鑑別度只有 26,是本篇最低的一題,但這不是難題造成的——when 引導時間副詞子句國中就教過,各種程度的人都答得出來,題目自然分不出高低。這一型的低鑑別度要和「連高分群考生也失手」的那種難題分清楚,兩者的成因剛好相反。
when 引導時間副詞子句(當……的時候)、unless(除非,等於 if...not)、whereas(然而,用於對比)、a burst of(一陣、一波)、be in a vulnerable situation(處於脆弱的狀態)、mobilize(動員、調動)
We all know that too much stress is not good for our health, but too little is not ideal, either. While 11 stress can be dangerous to the body, short-term stress is actually healthy.
Short-term stress triggers the production of protective chemicals in our body and strengthens the body's defenses. 12 our body is in a vulnerable situation, a burst of stress will quickly mobilize the body's own repair system to defend the damaged areas. This 13 us from physical discomfort and sickness.
Small amounts of stress hormones may even sharpen our memory. A recent study found that when rats were forced to swim—an activity that places them under stress for a short while—they remembered their way through mazes far 14 than rats that were in a relaxed state.
The key to a healthy lifestyle is to keep our stress level 15 . Too much stress will make us cranky and sick. Too little stress, on the other hand, will lead to boredom and low motivation.