25 very large pieces too heavy to move, virtually all surviving Angkorian statues, wood carvings and artifacts have been replaced with copies.
答案:(A) Except for
Except for 表示「除…之外(其餘全部)」,是排除的邏輯:除了大到搬不動的文物之外,吳哥窟現存的雕像、木雕與文物幾乎全被複製品取代;In spite of(儘管)、Owing to(由於)、In addition to(除了…還有,是累加)都不合。
Except for 與 In addition to 的中文都能翻成「除了」,但邏輯相反:Except for 是「扣掉」(從整體中減去例外),In addition to 是「加上」(在既有的之外再添一項)。中文的「除了」同時涵蓋這兩種意思,英文卻分家,這是這一組最容易混淆的地方。
先看主要子句在講什麼。virtually all surviving Angkorian statues, wood carvings and artifacts have been replaced with copies(現存的吳哥雕像、木雕與文物幾乎全被複製品取代)——關鍵在 virtually all,它宣告的是一個「幾乎全部」的整體。一個句子既然已經說了「幾乎全部」,句首那一段介系詞片語的功能就是把例外扣掉,而不是再加一項進來。看到 all、everything、everyone、no one 這類涵蓋全體的字,就往「排除」的方向想。驗算法:把句子拆成兩句唸一遍——Very large pieces are too heavy to move. Everything else has been replaced with copies.(大到搬不動的留在原地,其餘全部換成了複製品。)拆得開,就是排除關係。
三個都是介系詞片語,都能放句首帶名詞,錯在邏輯關係不同。In addition to 是累加,會讀成「除了搬不動的大型文物之外,其他的也都被取代」——意思變成連搬不動的那些也被取代了,與 too heavy to move 自相矛盾。Owing to 表示原因,等於 because of,會讀成「因為有大到搬不動的文物,所以其餘全被複製品取代」,兩件事之間沒有因果。In spite of 表示讓步,等於 despite,會讀成「儘管有大到搬不動的文物,其餘還是全被取代」——讓步要求前後有衝突,但搬不動的文物留在原地與其他文物被替換之間並不衝突。
except for(除…之外,整體扣除例外)、with the exception of(除…之外)、apart from(除…之外)、in addition to(除…之外還有,額外累加)、owing to/due to(由於)、in spite of/despite(儘管)。
The world's largest collection of Khmer sculpture resides at Angkor, the former royal capital of Cambodia. The 7,000 pieces—full statues, heads and carved inscriptions—are breathtaking not only for their individual beauty, but also for 21 they represent: a road map to the origins of much of Southeast Asian culture.
But the collection is not in a museum, and it is not open 22 visitors. It is held in unknown, guarded warehouses 23 only a few people can see it. These people assembled it by removing figures from the ruins of Cambodia's world-famous temples and replacing them with hollow, concrete 24. For the most part, these are hard to distinguish from the originals.
Clever art thieves? No, these "art thieves" work for the Angkor Conservancy. 25 very large pieces too heavy to move, virtually all surviving Angkorian statues, wood carvings and artifacts have been replaced with copies.