The "patient" responds verbally or with gestures to indicate 12 such as pain, stress or anxiety.
答案:(B) emotions
emotions such as pain, stress or anxiety(諸如疼痛、壓力或焦慮等情緒)表示虛擬病人會表達出這些情緒反應;expressions/elements/events 均不符合此處語意。
emotion 的中文是「情緒」,而 pain 是「疼痛」——你很可能一讀到就覺得「疼痛不是情緒」,於是把正確答案自己刷掉了。
鑑別度只有 29,是本批最低的一題。連高分群考生也常在這一格失手,原因正是想得越細越容易吃虧:中文裡疼痛是身體的感覺、情緒是心裡的感受,兩者看起來不同類,emotions 就被排掉了。但 pain 這個字本身就有第二個義項——心理或情緒上的痛苦(劍橋、柯林斯與大英詞典的 pain 詞條都把 mental or emotional suffering 單獨列為一義),擺在 stress 與 anxiety 旁邊並不突兀。判準用並列來定:such as 後面並列的三樣東西必須同一類,後兩個 stress(壓力)與 anxiety(焦慮)明明白白是情緒,那第一個 pain 也就要被歸在同一類看,空格因此要填 emotions。填進去讀成 to indicate emotions such as pain, stress or anxiety。
expressions(表情、說法)指的是表現出來的樣子,但 pain、stress、anxiety 是被表現的內容,不是表現的方式,而且句子前半的 responds verbally or with gestures 已經把「怎麼表現」講完了;elements(要素)與 events(事件)都太空泛,疼痛與焦慮既不是要素也不是事件。三個都是複數名詞,形態吻合,容易被順手選走。
emotions such as(諸如……的情緒)、indicate(表示、顯示)、respond verbally(以口語回應)、with gestures(用手勢)、anxiety(焦慮)、expression(表情;說法)。
Keele University in the United Kingdom has developed a "virtual patient," created by a computer, to help train the pharmacists of the future. Students in the university's School of 11 work with the "patient" to gain experience in effective communication and decision-making.
Students talk with the "patient" directly or by typing questions into a computer. The "patient" responds verbally or with gestures to indicate 12 such as pain, stress or anxiety. As a result, students are forced to communicate clearly 13 that the "patient" understands them completely.
The Virtual Patient can also be used to explore various medical situations. For example, the "patient" can be programmed to be allergic to certain medicine and can 14 serious reactions if student learners are not aware of the situation. This kind of practice allows students to learn from mistakes in a safe environment that would not be 15 with textbooks alone. The unique system can both be used in a classroom setting or for distance learning.