In 1905 he developed a test in which he 27 children do tasks such as follow commands, copy patterns, name objects, and put things in order or arrange them properly.
答案:(A) had
【句型】使役動詞 have + O + 原形動詞「讓/使某人做某事」,had children do tasks 表示「讓孩子們做任務」;kept(保持,keep通常接Ving不接原形動詞)、wanted/asked(通常接to V不接原形動詞)都不合這個使役結構,只有have可以直接接受詞+原形動詞。
have 在你腦中的第一個意思是「有」,第二個是完成式的助動詞。要它表示「叫某人去做某事」,是課本教過、但很少主動想起來的用法。答對率只有 50%,一半的人在這裡失手:看到後面的 do 是原形動詞,覺得四個選項代進去都怪,就憑感覺挑了 asked 或 wanted。
決定性的線索就在空格後面的 children do——do 是原形動詞,前面沒有 to。能夠接「受詞加原形動詞」的動詞很有限,就是課本上的使役動詞 make、let、have(另有 see、hear、watch 這類感官動詞)。這一組你國中學過:My mother made me clean my room.(媽媽叫我打掃房間)、Let me try.(讓我試試)。have somebody do something 的意思是「請、叫某人做某事」,語氣比 make 溫和,用在這裡正合適:他讓孩子們做各式各樣的任務。還原驗算:he had children do tasks 等於他讓孩子們去做一些任務。其餘三個選項要求的接法都不一樣,代進去句子就壞了。這一題只要盯住「後面是原形動詞,還是 to 加原形動詞」,一刀就能切開。
kept:keep 後面接的是現在分詞,keep somebody doing something(讓某人一直做某事),不接原形動詞。wanted:want somebody to do something,中間必須有 to。asked:ask somebody to do something,同樣必須有 to;ask 若不加 to,只能接名詞子句(ask what he wants)。
have somebody do(叫某人做…)、make somebody do(使某人做…)、let somebody do(讓某人做…)、keep somebody doing(讓某人一直做…)、ask somebody to do(要求某人做…)、follow commands(服從指令)。
French psychologist Alfred Binet (1859-1911) took a different approach from most other psychologists of his day: He was interested in the workings of the 26 mind rather than the nature of mental illness. He wanted to find a way to measure the ability to think and reason, apart from education in any particular field.
In 1905 he developed a test in which he 27 children do tasks such as follow commands, copy patterns, name objects, and put things in order or arrange them properly. He later created a standard of measuring children's intelligence 28 the data he had collected from the French children he studied. If 70 percent of 8-year-olds could pass a particular test, then 29 on the test represented an 8-year-old's level of intelligence.
From Binet's work, the phrase "intelligence quotient" ("IQ") entered the English vocabulary. The IQ is the ratio of "mental age" to chronological age times 100, with 100 30 the average. So, an 8-year-old who passes the 10-year-old's test would have an IQ of 10/8 times 100, or 125.