The apple is one of the world’s most cultivated fruit trees, 27 over 7,000 different kinds in existence.
答案:(B) with
with 獨立分詞構句(with+受詞+補語,表附帶狀況),「擁有超過7000個品種存在」;all/around/still 都不合這個句型位置。
with 你最熟的是「和……一起」和「用……工具」。這裡是第三種用法:帶出主要動作發生時的「附帶狀態」,中文常翻成「有著……」「在……的情況下」。這個句型沒認出來就完全無從下手,所以答對率只有 51%。
先數一數逗號後面那一串缺什麼。逗號前 The apple is one of the world's most cultivated fruit trees 已經是一個完整的句子;逗號後是 ___ over 7,000 different kinds in existence —— 裡面有名詞 over 7,000 different kinds,也有補語 in existence(存在著),就是沒有動詞。一串沒有動詞的東西要掛到主句上,前面必須有一個介系詞把它整包帶進來,這正是 with 的工作:with + 受詞 + 受詞補語。還原成兩個獨立句子驗算最清楚:The apple is one of the world's most cultivated fruit trees. There are over 7,000 different kinds in existence.(蘋果是全世界栽培最廣的果樹之一。現存的品種超過七千種。)合併時把第二句壓成 with 帶出的附帶說明,就成了原句。這個句型你在課本上見過最典型的例子是 He was sitting there with his eyes closed.(他坐在那裡,眼睛閉著。)那是 with + 受詞 + 過去分詞當受詞補語;本題的受詞補語是介系詞片語,受詞補語的形式不同,但句型完全一樣 —— with 後面永遠是「一個名詞,加上說明它狀態的東西」。
all、around、still 分別是限定詞或副詞,本身都沒有「把一整包名詞帶進句子」的能力。填進去之後,over 7,000 different kinds in existence 這一串會懸在句子外面,沒有任何東西把它接回主句,句子就散掉了。遇到這種「逗號後面一串沒有動詞」的結構,先想有沒有介系詞可以填,往往就是答案。
with + 受詞 + 受詞補語(表附帶狀態)、with one's eyes closed(閉著眼睛)、with a book in hand(手裡拿著一本書)、in existence(現存的、存在的)、one of the most + 形容詞 + 複數名詞(最……的之一)。
Nutritional products that can be collected from trees include fruits, nuts, seeds, leaves, and bark. Tree products have been an important part of diets for thousands of years, from early humans 26 fruits and nuts to the first cultivation of important trees, such as mango and apple.
The apple is one of the world's most cultivated fruit trees, 27 over 7,000 different kinds in existence. Despite their great 28 , however, most domesticated apples can be traced back to a common ancestor, the wild apple of Central Asia, Malus sieversii. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and 29 to North America by European colonists in the 17th century.
Today, apples are 30 eaten the world over and form the basis for multi-million dollar industries. In 2005, at least 55 million tons of apples were grown worldwide, which generated a value of about $10 billion.