Well-trained examiners can usually detect lying with a high degree of 25 when they use a polygraph.
答案:(B) accuracy
語意「訓練有素的檢測員通常能以高度『準確性』偵測謊言」,accuracy(準確性)符合;quantity(數量)、possibility(可能性)、emergency(緊急情況)都不合。
四個選項都是抽象名詞,擺進 a high degree of 後面文法上都通,所以文法幫不上忙 — 這也是答對率只有 46% 的原因。其中 possibility 最容易被挑走,因為前面在講「偵測謊言」,感覺跟「可能性」沾得上邊。
先確認 with a high degree of 這個副詞片語在修飾哪個動作:detect lying(偵測謊言)。「偵測」這件事要評價,評價的標準是「準不準」,不是「多不多」,也不是「有沒有可能」。真正決定答案的線索在下一句:However, because different people behave differently when lying, a polygraph test is by no means perfect.(然而,由於每個人說謊時的表現不同,測謊絕非完美。)However 標示前後對比,by no means perfect 是「絕不完美」— 既然後面否定掉的是「完美」,前面被拉高的那個特質就必須是同一件事,也就是「準確度」。這一步是本題最關鍵的判斷,也再一次說明:空格所在的句子讀完還不夠,一定要往下多讀一句。字的家族也順便記起來:accurate(準確的,形容詞)變成名詞是 accuracy(準確度),同一群的還有 exact(精確的)、precise(精準的)。
quantity(數量)— 測謊評價的是準不準,不是一次抓到幾個謊。possibility(可能性)— a high degree of possibility 讀起來像「可能性很高」,但這樣一來後面的 However 就轉折不起來,因為「可能性高」本來就不等於「準」,沒有東西可以被否定。emergency(緊急情況)— 與整段語意無關。
with a high degree of accuracy(以高度的準確性)、accurate(準確的)、detect lying(偵測謊言)、tell a lie(說謊)、a lie detector(測謊器)、by no means(絕不、一點也不)、well-trained(訓練有素的)。
A polygraph machine, also known as a "lie detector," is a common part of criminal investigations. The instrument is used to measure 21 a person's body reacts to questions. The theory underlying it is that lying is stressful, and that this stress can be measured and recorded on a polygraph machine.
When a person takes a polygraph test, four to six wires, called sensors, are 22 to different parts of his body. The sensors pick up signals from the person's blood pressure, pulse, and perspiration. 23 the process of questioning, all the signals are recorded on a single strip of moving paper. Once the questions are finished, the examiner analyzes the results to determine if the person tested 24 truthful.
Well-trained examiners can usually detect lying with a high degree of 25 when they use a polygraph. However, because different people behave differently when lying, a polygraph test is by no means perfect.