They are not affected by 27 others think they "should" do.
答案:(D) what
what 在此同時引導名詞子句、又扮演 think 的受詞角色,意思是「別人認為他們『應該』做的事」。which 需要有明確先行詞,how/why 語意不符合這個受詞子句的意思。
本題大考中心未公布逐題答對率,以下不談數據,只談觀念。
前面好幾次遇到 wh- 詞的題目,判準都是「子句成分已滿,所以刷掉 what」。這一格正好相反——這一次子句缺了東西,非用 what 不可。
先看空格前面:They are not affected by ___。by 是介系詞,後面要接一個名詞或名詞子句。再數空格後面那個子句:others think they "should" do——主詞是 others、動詞是 think;而後面 they should do 裡,主詞是 they、動詞是 do,但 do 是及物動詞,它的受詞不見了。既然缺一個受詞,就需要一個字進去補位,而且那個字還要能帶出整個名詞子句去當 by 的受詞——同時做這兩件事的正是 what(相當於 the thing which)。整句是「他們不受別人認為他們應該做什麼的影響」。這一格值得與前面幾題擺在一起看,因為它把整條判準補完整了:93 年第 18 題、91 年第 25 題、90 年第 20 題、87 年第 26 題、84 年第 30 題與第 40 題,都是子句成分已滿、所以 what 進不來;本題是子句缺了受詞、所以非 what 不可。數成分不是為了刷掉 what,是為了決定「這裡需不需要一個字去補位」。
which:也能帶出名詞子句,但通常需要一個明確的選擇範圍(which of the two 兩者中的哪一個),本句沒有。how(如何)、why(為什麼):兩個都是副詞性的疑問詞,本身不占句子成分,補不了 do 缺掉的受詞。
what 相當於 the thing which(……的事物)、be affected by(受……影響)、others think(別人認為)、criticism(批評)、personal rejection(人身的否定)、should do(應該做的事)。
A person's self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. 21 , the way people think about themselves 22 a profound effect on all areas of their lives.
For instance, people who have a 23 sense of self-esteem usually act with confidence. 24 they have self-assurance, they do not need constant praise and encouragement from others to feel 25 about themselves. Self-confident people are their own best friends. They participate 26 life enthusiastically and spontaneously. They are not affected by 27 others think they "should" do.
People 28 high self-esteem are not hurt by criticism; they do not 29 criticism as personal rejection. 30 , they tend to believe criticism to be suggestion for improvement.