Everyone dreams about 20 percent of their sleeping time. 23 people who say they never dream show about 20 percent of REM sleep. 24 these “non-dreamers” do their sleeping in a laboratory 25 researchers can wake them up and ask them whether they were having dreams the moment before, it 26 that they dream as much as others.
答案:(A) Even
語意「甚至那些說自己從不做夢的人,也顯示出約20%的快速動眼期睡眠」,Even(甚至)加強語氣,呼應後文的反預期結果;For(因為)、Except(除了,這裡不是排除而是「甚至包括」)、Unless(除非)都不合。
本題大考中心未公布逐題答對率,以下不談數據,只談觀念。
Except(除了)在這裡特別誘人,因為「說自己從不做夢的人」聽起來就像一群該被排除在外的例外。但只要把整句讀完就會發現,這一句要說的正好相反——那些人不但沒被排除,反而也有同樣的數據。
先看空格後面接的是什麼:people who say they never dream show about 20 percent of REM sleep 是一個完整的句子(主詞是 people、動詞是 show)。空格出現在整句的最前面,要修飾的是主詞 people 這一群人,所以要的是一個能加強語氣的副詞。再看前一句:Everyone dreams about 20 percent of their sleeping time(每個人的睡眠時間裡大約有兩成在做夢)。本句要說的是「連那些自稱從不做夢的人也一樣有兩成」——這是把一個看似最不可能的例子拿出來,用來證明前面那句話真的適用於所有人。這種「連……也」的加強語氣就是 Even。掛鉤是國中的 Even a child can do it.(連小孩都會做。)。
Except(除了):意思是把某一群排除在外,但本句接著就說這些人也有兩成的快速動眼期睡眠,等於沒有被排除,語意自相矛盾。這個選項要靠讀完整句才刷得掉,不能只看空格附近。For(因為):當連接詞時它引出的是前面那句話的理由,位置只能在後面,不能放句首。Unless(除非):帶出的是條件,後面要接一個條件子句再配主要子句,而本句只有一個完整句子,沒有主要子句可以配。
even(甚至、連……也)、even if(即使)、even though(雖然)、not even(連……都不)、about 20 percent(大約百分之二十)、sleeping time(睡眠時間)。
Basically, there are two kinds of sleep. One is Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. In 21 , the brain waves of a sleeping person are similar to those of a waking person, and the eyes move about rapidly under the closed lids. 22 kind of sleep is Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep.
Scientists have discovered that dreams happen mainly in REM sleep. Everyone dreams about 20 percent of their sleeping time. 23 people who say they never dream show about 20 percent of REM sleep. 24 these "non-dreamers" do their sleeping in a laboratory 25 researchers can wake them up and ask them whether they were having dreams the moment before, it 26 that they dream as much as others.
Events in daily life sometimes occur symbolically in dreams. 27 , a boy is having difficulties on the school playground because a bigger boy keeps bullying him. He may dream at night of being alone in the playground, 28 a lion. At other times the dreaded event from daily life simply occurs in a dream in its real-life form; 29 , the boy dreams of being bullied by the bigger boy.
30 scientific research, we have known more about the relationship between sleep and dreams. However, why a dream will take a certain symbolic form is still a mystery.