Cultures sometimes vary greatly in this regard. A group of researchers in Japan, 16 , studied the facial reactions of students to a horror film.
答案：(D) for example
for example（舉例來說）作插入語，承接前句「不同文化在情緒表達上有很大差異」，接著舉日本研究者的實驗作為具體例子。as usual（一如往常）、in some cases（在某些情況下）、to be frank（坦白說）都不符合這裡「舉出具體研究案例」的語意。
四個選項都是插在主詞與動詞之間的插入語，位置一樣、形態一樣，你會憑語感挑一個。
這是邏輯勾環，而且線索一定要跨句才看得到。前一句是 Cultures sometimes vary greatly in this regard（各種文化在這方面的差異有時很大），是一句通則；本句 A group of researchers in Japan, ______, studied the facial reactions of students to a horror film 講的是日本一組研究者做的一項研究，這是那句通則底下的一個具體個案。從通則走到具體個案，用 for example。填進去讀成 A group of researchers in Japan, for example, studied...（舉例來說，日本一組研究者研究了……）。順帶留意這個位置：轉承語夾在主詞與動詞之間、前後各一個逗號，是常見的擺法，不是只能放句首。
as usual（一如往常）要求前面有一個慣例，這一句是新提出來的研究，不是慣例；in some cases（在某些情況下）雖然也能插在這個位置，但它後面該接的是「某些情況下會怎樣」的通則，而不是一項具體的研究；to be frank（老實說）是說話者要坦白講一件不好說的事，這裡沒有那個語氣。
把兩個克漏字站的答案掃過一遍，這一組的分布很不平均：for example 當過六次答案，指考這邊除了本題還有 103 年第 14 題 →、104 年第 20 題 →、110 年第 20 題 →，學測那邊是 89 年第 27 題 →與 94 年第 27 題 →；for instance 三次，指考 95 年第 14 題 →與學測 85 年第 33 題 →、89 年第 29 題 →；such as 兩次，都在學測，指考從來沒考過；in other words 只出現過一次，是學測 107 年第 29 題 →；that is 一次也沒當過答案，卻反覆出現在誘答選項裡。分法只要記一條：such as 後面直接接名詞，其餘幾個後面接的是一句完整的話。People react to the same situation in very different ways. For example, some passengers stand up at once when an elderly man gets on the bus, while others keep staring at their phones.（面對同一個情況，每個人的反應可以差很多。舉例來說，有些乘客一看到老先生上車就馬上起身，有些人卻繼續盯著手機。）Some passengers, for instance, stand up at once when an elderly man gets on the bus.（換成 for instance 並放到句子中間，意思不變。）Passengers such as students, office workers, and parents with babies all sit in that row.（學生、上班族、帶嬰兒的家長這類乘客，都坐在那一排。）〔情境取材自 102 學測作文題：博愛座前的抉擇〕
for example（舉例來說）、as usual（一如往常）、in some cases（在某些情況下）、to be frank（老實說）、vary greatly（差異很大）、facial reactions（臉部反應）。
People may express their feelings differently on different occasions. Cultures sometimes vary greatly in this regard.
A group of researchers in Japan, 16, studied the facial reactions of students to a horror film. When the Japanese students watched the film 17 the teacher present, their faces showed only the slightest hints of reaction. But when they thought they were alone (though they 18 by a secret camera), their faces twisted into vivid mixes of anguished distress, fear, and disgust.
The study also shows that there are several unspoken rules about how feelings should be 19 shown on different occasions. One of the most common rules is minimizing the show of emotion. This is the Japanese norm for feelings of distress 20 someone in authority, which explains why the students masked their upset with a poker face in the experiment.