The group watched closely 17 the worm floated in the jar, dangling and swimming.
答案:(A) as
as 在此表示「當……的同時」,watched as the worm floated 表示一邊觀察一邊看著蟲漂浮游動的過程。if(如果)、yet(然而)、or(或者)都不符合這種「同時觀察」的語意。
本題大考中心未公布逐題答對率,以下不談數據,只談觀念。
as 這個字,你的印象大概停在「因為」,於是看到 The group watched closely as ... 就想成「他們仔細看,因為蟲在漂」,語意接不起來,只好回頭在 if、yet、or 之間猜。
四個選項都是連接詞,形態上一個也刷不掉,可見這一格考的是空格前後兩件事之間的邏輯關係。先確認兩邊各在講什麼:前半是「這群人仔細地看」,後半是「蟲在罐子裡漂浮、懸垂、游動」。後半不是前半的原因,也不是與前半相反的事,它就是他們看到的那個過程本身,而且同時在發生。as 除了「因為」,還有「當……的時候」這個身分(劍橋詞典 as 條目),表示兩件事同時進行,正好接得上。判斷 as 的方法永遠是同一句:先看它後面接的是子句還是名詞,再看語意。這裡 the worm floated 有主詞也有動詞,是完整的子句,所以 as 走的是連接詞那一路。這個用法國中就見過,只是當時多半用 while:I was doing my homework while my brother was watching TV.(我在寫功課,我弟弟在看電視。)兩件事同時進行,as 與 while 在這個用法上可以互換。學測題庫裡還有一題與本題極度相似:86 年第 23 題,選項是 or/if/as/but,答案同樣是 as,也同樣表示「當……的同時」,連 if 與 or 兩個誘答選項都與本題重複,兩題擺在一起看最省力。as 出現過的四種身分一併記起來(以下都在學測題庫):86 年第 23 題與本題是「當……的同時」、87 年第 31 題是「當……時」、91 年第 24 題是「隨著」、94 年第 18 題是介系詞「以……的身分」。
if(如果)帶的是假設,但蟲在罐子裡漂是眼前正在發生的事實,不是假設;yet(然而)要求前後相反,「仔細看」與「蟲在漂」並沒有互相牴觸;or(或者)要求兩邊是可以二選一的選項,而「這群人仔細看」與「蟲在漂」不是兩個並排的選擇。三個都給不出「同時發生」這層關係。
as + 子句(當……的時候,表兩件事同時進行)、watch closely(仔細觀看)、float(漂浮)、dangle(懸垂、晃來晃去)、yet 當連接詞(然而,等於 but)、drop something in + 容器(把某物丟進……裡)
A man wanted to prove to a group of alcoholics the effect of alcohol on human body systems. He displayed two jars in front of the group, one containing water and the other containing alcohol, 16 a very healthy worm. He said to the audience: "This jar contains water." Then he dropped the worm in the jar and said, "Please watch the reaction." The group watched closely 17 the worm floated in the jar, dangling and swimming.
The man then took the worm out of the first jar and put it in the second jar 18 contained alcohol and said to the audience, "Now watch the reaction." The group saw the worm go down into the water and soon begin to struggle for 19. Right there and then every one in the group witnessed the worm shrinking and disintegrating. Then it died.
The man turned round and asked the audience, "What would you all say to this?" After a long silence, someone from the rear 20 and said, "I can see that if I drink alcohol, there will be no more worms in my body."