Lizards, 33 can change the color of their skin and 34 the trees and leaves around them. 35 , they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them.
答案:(B) As a result
承接前面「蜥蜴能改變膚色、融入周遭的樹葉」,這句延續說明其結果——因此無法被天敵發現,As a result(因此)承接這個因果關係;In contrast(相反地)在這裡語意不通(前後句並非對比關係),Nevertheless、On the other hand 也都不符合這種順接因果的邏輯。
本題大考中心未公布逐題答對率,以下不談數據,只談觀念。
四個選項都是轉承語,而其中三個帶著轉折或對比的味道(Nevertheless、In contrast、On the other hand),只有一個是因果。如果沒把前後兩句的方向讀清楚,很容易被「多數決」的錯覺帶走。
把前後兩句擺在一起看:前一句說蜥蜴能改變膚色、與周遭的樹葉融為一體;本句是 ___ , they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them.(……,牠們無法被威脅牠們的動物發現。)融入環境是原因、不被發現是結果,這是順向的因果,填 As a result(因此)。順便對照 86 年第 35 題:那一題的前後是「大人笑得少」與「小孩笑得多」,講的是兩群不同的對象,所以用 on the other hand 提出另一面;本題前後講的是同一件事的因與果。同一組轉承語,用哪一個永遠取決於前後兩句的關係,不是取決於哪個字比較眼熟。
On the other hand(另一方面):要拿兩個不同的對象或面向來比,但本句前後是同一件事的兩端。In contrast(相較之下):把兩件相反的事並排比較,本句沒有相反的兩件事。Nevertheless(儘管如此):讓步轉折,要求前後互相牴觸,而這裡是順著走的。
as a result(因此、結果)、as a result of(由於)、therefore(因此)、consequently(因此)、cannot be detected(無法被發現)、on the other hand(另一方面)。
All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 31 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 32 forms of animal life.
Lizards, 33 can change the color of their skin and 34 the trees and leaves around them. 35 , they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 36 environmental dangers.
Human beings, too, 37 special devices to protect 38 . Their skin is very 39 to temperature changes. 40 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.