I felt bad about it, though. 34 Jane: Oh, I’d have told her to leave after one week.
答案:(B) What would you have done?
Mary 說她對說謊感到愧疚,這句是 Mary 反問 Jane「換作是你會怎麼做?」(假設語氣),呼應 Jane 接下來同樣假設語氣的回答「我早就叫她一週後走了」(I'd have told her);其他選項時態或語氣都不呼應 Jane 用假設語氣的回答。
本題大考中心未公布逐題答對率,以下不談數據,只談觀念。
四個選項都是 What 開頭的問句,中文都能翻成「你做了什麼、你會怎麼做、你覺得她怎麼樣」,光看空格那一格分不出來。這一格必須拿下一句的動詞形態來對——這是本篇唯一一格有硬文法可依的題目。
空格是 Mary 說的,前一句她說 I felt bad about it, though.(不過我覺得很過意不去。)——心裡不安,所以想聽聽對方會怎麼做。關鍵在下一句 Jane 的回答:Oh, I’d have told her to leave after one week.(喔,換作是我,一個星期後就會叫她走了。)這裡的 I’d 是 I would 的縮寫,整串是 would have + 過去分詞,這是與過去事實相反的假設語氣:事情已經過去了,Jane 也沒有真的遇上,她說的是「如果當時換成我,我會怎麼做」。既然答句用的是 would have + 過去分詞,問句就必須是同一個形態才對得起來,所以填 What would you have done?(換作是你,你當時會怎麼做?)這正是條件句對齊的口訣:談過去的假設,助動詞後面一律接 have + 過去分詞(同型:97 年第 23 題、110 年第 25 題、114 年第 11 題)。
What have you done?(你到底做了什麼?):現在完成式,問的是實際發生過的事,而且這句話往往帶著責備的語氣;Jane 回的卻是一個假設,形態與語氣都對不上。What did you do to her?(你對她做了什麼?):過去式,同樣問的是實際發生的事,而 Mary 剛剛已經把實際做的事說完了,沒有再問一次的道理。What do you think of her?(你覺得她這個人怎麼樣?):問的是對房客的評價,Jane 答的卻是自己會怎麼處理,答非所問。三個誘答選項的共同破綻是:它們問的都是「事實」,只有正確答案問的是「假設」,而下一句給的答案是一個假設。
would have + 過去分詞(當時就會……,與過去事實相反)、What would you have done?(換作是你會怎麼做)、tell sb to leave(叫某人離開)、That reminds me.(這倒提醒我了)、move in with sb(搬去和某人同住)、father-in-law(配偶的父親)。
Jane: Hi, Mary. It's been a while. How are you? Mary: OK, I guess. 31
Jane: Couldn't be better. By the way, is your house guest still staying with you?
Mary: No. After three weeks, she finally left. 32
Jane: So, how did you get rid of her? Mary: 33 I told her my parents were coming for a visit and I needed the room. I felt bad about it, though. 34
Jane: Oh, I'd have told her to leave after one week. That reminds me. My father-in-law is coming to visit us next week. Can I move in with you for a few days? Mary: 35
Jane: Please!