The strongest encouragement to drink that young people receive, 28 , comes from advertisers.
答案:(D) however
前面已經講了電視節目對年輕人飲酒的影響(第二個原因),這句話說「最強的鼓勵,然而,其實來自廣告商」,however 帶出一個轉折/新的重點(暗示比起前面提到的原因,廣告商的影響其實更關鍵);furthermore/moreover 是順接累加、consequently 是因果,都不是這裡的轉折語氣。
本題大考中心未公布逐題答對率,以下不談數據,只談觀念。
這一段是在列舉原因,前面已經講了兩個,所以你會直覺覺得第三個應該用累加的轉承語,於是挑了 furthermore 或 moreover。但作者在這裡要做的不是再加一點,而是把重點整個轉過去。
四個選項都是轉承語,可見這一格考的是這一句與前面的關係。先讀懂這一句:The strongest encouragement to drink that young people receive, ___, comes from advertisers.(年輕人所接受到最強烈的飲酒鼓勵,……,來自廣告商。)注意 the strongest(最強烈的)這個字——作者的意思是:前面講的社會慶典與電視節目都還不是關鍵,真正最有影響力的是廣告商。這是把前面兩點往下壓、把重點轉到第三點,所以用 however(然而)。如果用 furthermore 或 moreover,語氣會變成「這三點分量相同、再加一點」,the strongest 就沒有著落了。順便注意位置:這裡的 however 夾在主詞與動詞之間,兩邊各一個逗號——這是轉承語很常見的擺法(同型:92 年第 21 題、93 年第 29 題、101 年第 18 題、102 年第 17 題、97 年第 30 題、105 年第 16 題)。
furthermore(此外)、moreover(此外):兩個意思幾乎相同,依「同義的選項不可能只有一個對」可以一起砍掉;而且它們都是同向累加,與 the strongest 要表達的「這一點才是最關鍵」對不上。consequently(因此):表因果,但前面兩個原因推不出「最強的鼓勵來自廣告商」這個結果。
however(然而,可放句首、句中或句尾)、furthermore(此外)、consequently(因此)、sponsor an event(贊助活動)、an advertiser(廣告商)、the strongest encouragement(最強烈的鼓勵)。
America encourages its young people to drink. 21 , our society makes drinking a part of every celebration. Our personal celebrations, 22 weddings, promotions, graduations, and anniversaries, are 23 linked with drinking. 24 children can attend any family affair without seeing the adults enjoying their liquor. Drinking is part of our national celebrations as well. The Fourth of July means beer and New Year's Eve is an entire night dedicated to the proposition that everyone must get 25 .
Secondly, the shows young people watch on television encourage them to drink. On 26 every soap opera, the characters drink casually and often. The rock videos young people watch over and over again feature alcohol, too. 27 on the videos sit in bars, nightclubs, and roadhouses. Drinking, the message goes, is cool.
The strongest encouragement to drink that young people receive, 28 , comes from advertisers. Beer companies often sponsor the sports events young people watch. In addition, advertisements for liquor, on TV and in print, show situations that are 29 to the young. People hoist their glasses 30 they are sitting around ski lodges, sailing, dancing, or enjoying a football game. We may say we don't want our children to drink, but our messages say just the opposite.